Ali Mansoori, Shohreh Noorizadeh Dehkordi, Soheil Mansour Sohani, Afsun Nodehi Moghadam,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (Continuously Updated 2019)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the cross-cultural adaptation of the Persian version of the Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE) in Iranian tennis players with lateral epicondylitis.
Materials and Methods: The original version of the PRTEE questionnaire was translated into the Persian language by two bilingual translators in accordance with the instructions provided by Beaton et al. One hundred and two tennis players
(64 males and 38 females) suffering from lateral epicondylitis and 40 tennis player with no lateral epicondylitis participated in this study. In order to determine the construct validity, the correlation between the Persian version of the PRTEE and disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire (DASH) were all investigated. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined from two different aspects of the test-retest reliability and internal consistency.
Results: There was a high correlation between PRTEE and DASH questionnaires
(r = 0.88). The coefficient of Cronbach’s alpha for the total score of the PRTEE questionnaire was 0.96 and the intra-class correlation (ICC) coefficient for the total score was 0.95. There was a significant difference in the scores of patients (M=45.56, SD=20.56) and healthy (M=7.23, SD=5.5) tennis players; (t =17.31, P<0.0001).
Conclusion: The Persian version of the PRTEE questionnaire to assess pain and functional problems in patients with lateral epicondylitis is highly reliable and valid in this setting.
Maryam Riazi, Farhad Adhami Moghadam, Mohammad Sahebalzamani, Abbas Riazi, Seyed Hasan Sanei,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (Continuously Updated 2022)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Social anxiety is a type of disorder in which a person becomes anxious and afraid in social interactions and situations. It is well known that 90% of a person’s social interactions are related to their vision, so blind people definitely have problems in all their social interactions.
Methods: Leibovitz’s social anxiety scale is the only tool that is based on social situations. Participants were asked to answer the questions of the data collection tool. Normal subjects were also randomly selected from the normal population who are similar to the patient group in terms of age and gender. The results were analyzed with relevant statistical software.
Results: The results show that the average score of social anxiety in the blind group is 43.27 and 44.25 in the sighted group. The average score of avoidance in the blind group is 39.83 and 41.66 in the sighted group. The amount of social anxiety between the blind and the visually impaired group has a significant difference compared to normal people. There is also a significant difference in the comparison between totally blind and mildly impaired people (P=0.027). The amount of avoidance is also different between totally blind and sighted people. There is a significance (P=0.024) and there is a statistical difference between the totally blind and mildly visually impaired (P=0.022).
Conclusion: People with normal vision or mild vision loss experience more degrees of social anxiety as well as avoidance than totally blind people.