fa شیوع عیوب انکساری در کودکان پایه اول ابتدایی شهر اماره در جنوب عراق بینایی سنجی Optometry پژوهشي Research <h2 style="font-style:italic;"><a href="./files/site1/images/Abstract/Volume_1%2C_Issue_1/4.jpg">Abstract farsi</a></h2> <div style="font-style: italic;"><br> <br> <br> <strong color:="" font-size:="" new="" style="font-family: " text-align:="" times="">Background and Objectives:</strong><span color:="" font-size:="" new="" style="font-family: " text-align:="" times=""> One of the main health problems of concern is refractive error in children, which has a real burden on community and individuals especially among schoolchildren. The study aim is to evaluate the refractive errors&rsquo; prevalence in primary school children.&nbsp;</span></div> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study was a cross sectional with the element of analysis which was carried out in a primary school of the Amara city. A total of 768 children were selected randomly from 76 primary schools (urban rural, male and female schools) by cluster sampling according to the geographic area of health districts and their primary health care centers. Each child was examined for visual acuity (both uncorrected and best corrected) dry and cyclo- refraction.&nbsp;</span></p> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"><strong>Results:</strong> In this study, the response rate was (95.7%) from which 66.1% were male&nbsp; and 33.9% were female. The prevalence of refractive error was 47% (360) distributed as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism which was (19.6%, 20.1% and 7% respectively) while amblyopia was 4.8%. 39.9% of students showed abnormal visual acuity. After cyclo-refraction, the prevalence of refractive error was changed for all types, most of myopic children were female (52.1%) while most children with hyperoia (53.4%) and astigmatism (54.7%) were male children with statistical significant association (<em>P</em>= 0.001).<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> we concluded that refractive error and visual acuity loss prevalence was high among children of primary school in the Amara city in south of Iraq. It seems that an extensive ocular and visual screening protocol must be considered in this province.</span><br> &nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"></div> Refractive error, Amblyopia, Visual acuity, Primary school 31 39 http://fdj.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-26-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mohammad Hussam Uldeen Hatow محمد حسام‌الدین حتو 1003194753284600688 1003194753284600688 Yes MSc of Optometry, Department of Tehran University of Medical science, Tehran, Iran کارشناسی ارشد بینایی‌سنجی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران Ali Mirzajani علی میرزاجانی 1003194753284600689 1003194753284600689 No Associate professor of optometry, Department of rehabilitation, School of Iran university of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran دانشیار، گروه توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران Hamood Madhi Hasan حمود ماضی حسن 1003194753284600690 1003194753284600690 No Associate professor and Director of researches and studies unit, Missan, Iraq دانشیار، مدیر واحد تحقیقات و پژوهش، میسان، عراق Hasan Abdulameer Hussein حسن عبدالامیر حسین 1003194753284600691 1003194753284600691 No Associate Professor, senior ophthalmologist at Al-Sader General Hospital and Teacher ophthalmologist at Missan Medical School, Missan, Iraq دانشیار، چشم‌پزشک ارشد بیمارستان عمومی الصادر، دانشکدۀ پزشکی میسان، میسان، عراق Ebrahim Jafarzadehpur ابراهیم جعفرزاده‌پور 1003194753284600692 1003194753284600692 No Professor of optometry, optometry, Department of Rehabilitation, School of Iran University of medical science, Tehran, Iran استاد،گروه توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران